Peziza varia - Пецица изменчивая - Variable Peziza

Peziza varia - Пецица изменчивая - Variable Peziza - Veränderliche Peziza 6/10/17

Peziza varia, also known as the Variable Peziza or Veränderliche Peziza in German, is a species of fungi belonging to the Pezizaceae family. It is characterized by its cup-shaped fruiting bodies that vary in size, typically measuring between 2 and 10 centimeters in diameter. The color of the apothecia, or fruiting bodies, can range from pale yellowish-brown to dark brown, often with a lighter, yellowish margin. The surface is generally smooth but may be slightly wrinkled or ribbed in some specimens. Peziza varia is a saprotrophic fungus, meaning it plays an essential role in decomposing organic matter in ecosystems. It is particularly known for breaking down wood and plant debris. This species is commonly found in forested areas, particularly in temperate regions. It grows on decaying wood, fallen branches, stumps, as well as on leaf litter and soil. The spores of Peziza varia are elliptical, smooth, and hyaline (transparent), typically measuring 15-20 x 8-11 micrometers in size. They are released through a small opening at the top of the apothecium called an ostiole. The distribution of Peziza varia is relatively wide, with records in Europe, North America, and Asia. This fungus is not considered edible, and there is little information on its potential culinary or medicinal uses. However, research on the Pezizaceae family, which includes Peziza varia, has shown the presence of bioactive compounds with potential applications in pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents. The species has also been the subject of research investigating its ability to degrade environmental pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals, through bioremediation. Conservation efforts are crucial for preserving the habitats of Peziza varia and other Pezizaceae species, as some are considered rare or threatened due to habitat loss and environmental degradation. Proper identification is essential when encountering fungi in the Pezizaceae family, as some species can be toxic and should not be consumed.